The Japan Defence Ministry Unveils Their First AI Policy

Japan has launched its first basic policy to guide artificial intelligence (AI) use in its defence sector. The Defence Ministry unveiled the policy as it responds to the evolving technology’s impact on defence operations, aiming to keep pace with global powers like China and the US.

Addressing Defence Challenges with AI

Japan’s Defence Ministry recognises AI’s potential to enhance military efficiency and cybersecurity. Defence Minister Minoru Kihara stated, “We will deepen cooperation with the private sector and relevant foreign agencies by proactively conveying the Defence Ministry’s view.” The policy aims to minimise human errors, save labour, and accelerate combat operations.

AI’s Role in Modern Warfare

The new policy outlines seven priority areas for AI application, including information gathering and analysis, cybersecurity, and work efficiency. The goal is to speed up decision-making, ensure superiority in information-gathering capabilities, reduce personnel burden, and save on labour. Minoru emphasised, “In our country, where the population is rapidly declining and aging, it is essential to utilise personnel more efficiently than ever before.”

Keeping Up with Global Competitors

Japan’s move is a strategic effort to match the advancements in AI in other nations. The US and China are both integrating AI into their military operations, with China focusing on “smartening” its military, especially in unmanned weapons systems. The policy stresses the urgency for Japan to adapt to new warfare methods to avoid becoming “an inefficient, old-fashioned organisation.”

Ensuring Human Oversight

While promoting AI, Japan’s Defence Ministry also acknowledges its limitations. The policy highlights the risks of AI errors and biases and stresses the importance of human oversight. It explicitly states that AI should support human judgment, not replace it, ensuring that fully autonomous lethal weapon systems are not developed.

Enhancing Cyber Capabilities

In addition to AI, Japan is boosting its cyber capabilities. A new initiative will introduce an exam to recruit and develop cyber experts within the Ground Self-Defence Force, enhancing the country’s cyber prowess from enlistment. This initiative aligns with Japan’s National Defence Strategy and Defence Buildup Program, which were approved in 2022.

Strategic Partnerships and Future Goals

The Defence Ministry plans to collaborate with the private sector and international agencies to implement the AI policy effectively. By leveraging AI, Japan aims to respond to modern warfare methods and operate more efficiently. However, the ministry stresses the need to mitigate AI’s risks and ensure its credible and responsible use.

Conclusion

Japan’s first basic policy on AI in defence marks a significant step towards modernising its military capabilities. By focusing on efficiency, cybersecurity, and strategic partnerships, Japan aims to keep pace with global advancements while ensuring human oversight and addressing AI’s inherent risks. Defence Minister Minoru noted that adapting to new forms of battle using AI and cyber technologies is a critical challenge for Japan in building its defence capabilities.